徽州传统民居平面布局改造对火蔓延特性及轰燃时间影响

Influence of traditional Huizhou dwellings’ plane layout renovation on the fire spread characteristics and flashover time

中文关键词: 徽州传统民居  平面布局改造  数值模拟  轰燃  火灾蔓延  能见度  氧化物浓度

英文关键词: Huizhou traditional residential buildings  plane layout renovation  Numerical simulation  Flashover  Fire spread  visibility  Oxide concentration

中文摘要:

      徽州传统民居在活化保护改造下平面布局发生变化,其对民居火灾发展产生的影响值得探究。对徽州传统民居改造案例进行系统性调研并统计分析其平面布局特征，以黄山市屏山村某民居为建筑原型对其进行5种类型平面布局改造，采用FDS数值模拟软件建立了基于6类平面布局的民居模型，模拟分析了5种平面布局改造对民居保护和人员疏散安全的影响，并与民居基准模型进行了对比分析。结果表明：改变平面布局对火蔓延路径影响不明显，拆除内部隔墙虽降低了烟气以及CO对人员疏散的影响，但反而加速了建筑轰燃，其中改造方式五轰燃时间提前了266s；新增内部隔墙则完全相反，增加了人员疏散的危险性，但对建筑轰燃抑制效果明显，其中改造方式四轰燃时间延后了334s。

英文摘要:

      The change in the layout of traditional residential buildings in Huizhou during renovation for activation protection and its influence on residential fire development is worth exploring.A systematic investigation and statistical analysis were conducted on renovation cases of traditional residential buildings in Huizhou.A residential building in Pingshan Village,Huangshan City,was selected as the prototype to perform five layout transformations.FDS numerical simulation software was used to establish a residential building model based on six layout types,and the impact of five layout transformations on building protection and personnel evacuation safety was simulated and analyzed.A comparison was also made with the base model of the residential building.The results show that:changes in the layout do not significantly affect the fire spread path.Although removing internal partition walls reduces the impact of smoke and CO on personnel evacuation,it accelerates the flashover of the building,with the flashover time in transformation mode five advancing by 266 seconds.On the other hand,adding internal partition walls has the opposite effect,increasing the risk to personnel during evacuation but significantly delaying the flashover,with the flashover time in reconstruction mode four delayed by 334 seconds.