基于拓扑优化方法的IGBT高效冷板结构设计研究

Research on the design of IGBT high-efficiency cold plate structure based on topology optimization method

中文关键词: 拓扑优化  IGBT芯片散热  数值模拟  多孔介质

英文关键词: topology optimization  Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor chip heat dissipation  numerical simulation  porous media

中文摘要:

      基于变密度法的拓扑优化设计，研究了一种可以自动生成符合预期的液冷板流道的方法。通过设置传热最大化与流阻最小化的双目标函数，并对函数做归一化处理然后赋予权重系数，计算并分析其流道形态与各项性能参数。在不同进出口数量分布的情况下，得到了双目标函数中传热权重因子w1的变化对冷板结构的影响规律。进一步分析帕累托曲线表明，中间进口边缘两出口的拓扑冷板可在较低流动损耗情况下，获得更好的传热性能。通过三维数值模拟，在入口速度不同的情况下将其与单进出口直流道液冷板进行了仿真对比，结果表明，拓扑优化液冷板具有更好的综合性能，其PEC大于1，相较于直冷板，其压降ΔP最大降低26.3%，热阻Rth最大降低64.7%，换热系数have最大提升16.3%，该结果进一步验证了拓扑冷板的优越性能。

英文摘要:

      This paper presents a method for automatically generating liquid-cooled plate flow paths that meet expectations. The topology optimization design of the variable density method is used to investigate this method. The dual-objective function of heat transfer maximization and flow resistance minimization is set. The function is normalized, and a weighting factor is assigned. The flow channel morphology and various performance parameters are then calculated and analyzed. The study reveals the impact of varying the heat transfer weight factor w1 in the dual-objective function on cold plate structures, considering different inlet and outlet distributions. Further analysis of the Pareto Curve demonstrates that a topological cold plate with two outlets at the middle inlet edge achieves superior heat transfer performance with reduced flow loss. A 3D numerical simulation shows that the topology-optimized liquid-cooled plate outperforms the single-inlet and single-outlet direct-channel liquid-cooled plate with different inlet velocities. The performance of the topology-optimized plate is better overall, with a PEC greater than 1. Compared with the traditional direct-channel liquid-cooled plate, the pressure drop ΔP is reduced by up to 26.3%, thermal resistance Rth by up to 64.7%, and the heat transfer coefficient have increased by up to 16.3%. These results definitively validate the superior performance of the topological cooling plate.