干打垒遗产建筑保护性低碳节能改造研究

Protective low-carbon and energy-saving retrofits of rammed earth heritage buildings

中文关键词: 干打垒遗产建筑  低碳节能  保护性改造  多目标优化  生命周期成本

英文关键词: rammed earth heritae building  low-carbon and energy-saving  protective retrofit  multi-objective optimization  life cycle cost

中文摘要:

      以一栋典型干打垒建筑为研究对象，为解决其保护不善问题，提出了多种因素、多个目标综合分析的保护性低碳节能改造策略。建立干打垒建筑信息模型，为后续改造和管理提供数据支撑。在不影响文化和历史价值的基础上，研究了在外墙和屋顶上添加内保温材料以及更换外窗。考虑保护方法、U值限制和当地材料等因素，选取了6种保温材料和4种窗户类型，建立了24种工况。分别模拟和估算各个工况的能耗、碳排放和生命周期成本。基于节能、低碳及经济三个目标，采用分类比较与综合比较相结合的方法评价各个工况。结果表明，采用发泡聚苯乙烯（EPS）和90系列隔热铝合金窗，能耗、碳排放及成本最低，是最佳方案。该优化方法可以促进既有建筑创新节能和低碳改造方法的发展。

英文摘要:

      Taking a typical rammed earth heritage building as the research object, a protective low-carbon and energy-saving retrofit strategy is proposed to solve the problem of lack protection based on comprehensive analysis of multiple factors and objectives. A building information model is established to provide a database for subsequent retrofits and management. For not affecting the cultural and historical value, the addition of internal thermal insulation materials on the exterior wall and roof, and the replacement of external windows are studied. Considering the protection method, U value limit and local materials, 6 thermal insulation materials and 4 window types are selected, and 24 cases are established. The energy consumption, carbon emission and life cycle cost of each case are simulated and estimated respectively. Based on the three objectives of energy saving, low carbon and economy, the combination of classified comparison and comprehensive comparison is used to evaluate each case. The results show that using expanded polystyrene (EPS) and 90 series thermal insulation aluminum alloy window is the best case with the lowest energy consumption, carbon emission and cost. The optimization method can promote the development of innovative energy-saving and low-carbon retrofit methods of existing buildings.